DETECTION OF POWERFUL MID-IR H2 EMISSION IN THE BRIDGE BETWEEN THE TAFFY GALAXIES
Identifieur interne : 005D46 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005D45; suivant : 005D47DETECTION OF POWERFUL MID-IR H2 EMISSION IN THE BRIDGE BETWEEN THE TAFFY GALAXIES
Auteurs : B. W. Peterson [États-Unis] ; P. N. Appleton [États-Unis] ; G. Helou [États-Unis] ; P. Guillard [États-Unis] ; T. H. Jarrett [États-Unis] ; M. E. Cluver [États-Unis, Australie] ; P. Ogle [États-Unis] ; C. Struck [États-Unis] ; F. Boulanger [France]Source :
- The Astrophysical journal [ 0004-637X ] ; 2012.
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Abstract
We report the detection of strong, resolved emission from warm H2 in the Taffy galaxies and bridge. Relative to the continuum and faint polyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, the H2 emission is the strongest in the connecting bridge, approaching L(H2)/L(PAH 8 μm) = 0.1 between the two galaxies, where the purely rotational lines of H2 dominate the mid-infrared spectrum in a way very reminiscent of the group-wide shock in the interacting group Stephan's Quintet (SQ). The surface brightness in the 0-0 S(0) and S(1) H2 lines in the bridge is more than twice that observed at the center of the SQ shock. We observe a warm H2 mass of 4.2 x 108 M◦. in the bridge, but taking into account the unobserved bridge area, the total warm mass is likely to be twice this value. We use excitation diagrams to characterize the warm molecular gas, finding an average surface mass of ∼5 x 106 M◦. kpc-2 and typical excitation temperatures of 150-175 K. H2 emission is also seen in the galaxy disks, although there the emission is more consistent with normal star-forming galaxies. We investigate several possible heating mechanisms for the bridge gas but favor the conversion of kinetic energy from the head-on collision via turbulence and shocks as the main heating source. Since the cooling time for the warm H2 is short (∼5000 yr), shocks must be permeating the molecular gas in the bridge region in order to continue heating the H2.
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Guillard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarrett, T H" sort="Jarrett, T H" uniqKey="Jarrett T" first="T. H." last="Jarrett">T. H. Jarrett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cluver, M E" sort="Cluver, M E" uniqKey="Cluver M" first="M. E." last="Cluver">M. E. Cluver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Australian Astronomical Observatory, P.O. Box 296</s1><s2>Epping, NSW 1710</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Epping, NSW 1710</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogle, P" sort="Ogle, P" uniqKey="Ogle P" first="P." last="Ogle">P. Ogle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Struck, C" sort="Struck, C" uniqKey="Struck C" first="C." last="Struck">C. Struck</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University</s1><s2>Ames, IA 50011</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement><region type="state">Iowa</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boulanger, F" sort="Boulanger, F" uniqKey="Boulanger F" first="F." last="Boulanger">F. Boulanger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris Sud 11</s1><s2>Orsay</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Orsay</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">12-0348969</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 12-0348969 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:12-0348969</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">001078</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">004E39</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">001225</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001225</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0004-637X:2012:Peterson B:detection:of:powerful</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">006060</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">005D46</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">005D46</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">DETECTION OF POWERFUL MID-IR H<sub>2</sub> EMISSION IN THE BRIDGE BETWEEN THE TAFFY GALAXIES</title><author><name sortKey="Peterson, B W" sort="Peterson, B W" uniqKey="Peterson B" first="B. W." last="Peterson">B. W. Peterson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University</s1><s2>Ames, IA 50011</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement><region type="state">Iowa</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Appleton, P N" sort="Appleton, P N" uniqKey="Appleton P" first="P. N." last="Appleton">P. N. Appleton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>NASA Herschel Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Helou, G" sort="Helou, G" uniqKey="Helou G" first="G." last="Helou">G. Helou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guillard, P" sort="Guillard, P" uniqKey="Guillard P" first="P." last="Guillard">P. Guillard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jarrett, T H" sort="Jarrett, T H" uniqKey="Jarrett T" first="T. H." last="Jarrett">T. H. Jarrett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cluver, M E" sort="Cluver, M E" uniqKey="Cluver M" first="M. E." last="Cluver">M. E. Cluver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Australian Astronomical Observatory, P.O. Box 296</s1><s2>Epping, NSW 1710</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Epping, NSW 1710</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ogle, P" sort="Ogle, P" uniqKey="Ogle P" first="P." last="Ogle">P. Ogle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Spitzer Science Center, IPAC, California Institute of Technology</s1><s2>Pasadena, CA 91125</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena, CA 91125</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Struck, C" sort="Struck, C" uniqKey="Struck C" first="C." last="Struck">C. Struck</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University</s1><s2>Ames, IA 50011</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Ames (Iowa)</settlement><region type="state">Iowa</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'État de l'Iowa</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boulanger, F" sort="Boulanger, F" uniqKey="Boulanger F" first="F." last="Boulanger">F. Boulanger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, Université Paris Sud 11</s1><s2>Orsay</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Orsay</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">The Astrophysical journal</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astrophys. j.</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-637X</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">The Astrophysical journal</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Astrophys. j.</title><idno type="ISSN">0004-637X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Continuum</term><term>Disk galaxies</term><term>Excitation</term><term>Infrared spectra</term><term>Intergalactic matter</term><term>Kinetic energy</term><term>Molecular gas</term><term>Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</term><term>Surface brightness</term><term>Turbulence</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Galaxies disques</term><term>Continuum</term><term>Hydrocarbure aromatique polycyclique</term><term>Spectre IR</term><term>Brillance surface</term><term>Excitation</term><term>Gaz moléculaire</term><term>Energie cinétique</term><term>Turbulence</term><term>Matière intergalactique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We report the detection of strong, resolved emission from warm H<sub>2</sub> in the Taffy galaxies and bridge. Relative to the continuum and faint polyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission, the H<sub>2</sub> emission is the strongest in the connecting bridge, approaching L(H<sub>2</sub>)/L(PAH 8 μm) = 0.1 between the two galaxies, where the purely rotational lines of H<sub>2</sub> dominate the mid-infrared spectrum in a way very reminiscent of the group-wide shock in the interacting group Stephan's Quintet (SQ). The surface brightness in the 0-0 S(0) and S(1) H<sub>2</sub> lines in the bridge is more than twice that observed at the center of the SQ shock. We observe a warm H<sub>2</sub> mass of 4.2 x 10<sup>8</sup> M<sub>◦.</sub> in the bridge, but taking into account the unobserved bridge area, the total warm mass is likely to be twice this value. We use excitation diagrams to characterize the warm molecular gas, finding an average surface mass of ∼5 x 10<sup>6</sup> M<sub>◦.</sub> kpc<sup>-2</sup> and typical excitation temperatures of 150-175 K. H<sub>2</sub> emission is also seen in the galaxy disks, although there the emission is more consistent with normal star-forming galaxies. We investigate several possible heating mechanisms for the bridge gas but favor the conversion of kinetic energy from the head-on collision via turbulence and shocks as the main heating source. Since the cooling time for the warm H<sub>2</sub> is short (∼5000 yr), shocks must be permeating the molecular gas in the bridge region in order to continue heating the H<sub>2</sub>.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Iowa</li></region><settlement><li>Ames (Iowa)</li><li>Orsay</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'État de l'Iowa</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Iowa"><name sortKey="Peterson, B W" sort="Peterson, B W" uniqKey="Peterson B" first="B. W." last="Peterson">B. W. Peterson</name></region><name sortKey="Appleton, P N" sort="Appleton, P N" uniqKey="Appleton P" first="P. N." last="Appleton">P. N. Appleton</name><name sortKey="Cluver, M E" sort="Cluver, M E" uniqKey="Cluver M" first="M. E." last="Cluver">M. E. Cluver</name><name sortKey="Guillard, P" sort="Guillard, P" uniqKey="Guillard P" first="P." last="Guillard">P. Guillard</name><name sortKey="Helou, G" sort="Helou, G" uniqKey="Helou G" first="G." last="Helou">G. Helou</name><name sortKey="Jarrett, T H" sort="Jarrett, T H" uniqKey="Jarrett T" first="T. H." last="Jarrett">T. H. Jarrett</name><name sortKey="Ogle, P" sort="Ogle, P" uniqKey="Ogle P" first="P." last="Ogle">P. Ogle</name><name sortKey="Peterson, B W" sort="Peterson, B W" uniqKey="Peterson B" first="B. W." last="Peterson">B. W. Peterson</name><name sortKey="Struck, C" sort="Struck, C" uniqKey="Struck C" first="C." last="Struck">C. Struck</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Cluver, M E" sort="Cluver, M E" uniqKey="Cluver M" first="M. E." last="Cluver">M. E. Cluver</name></noRegion></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Boulanger, F" sort="Boulanger, F" uniqKey="Boulanger F" first="F." last="Boulanger">F. Boulanger</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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